9
11. As a rule, do not use “Retrieved from” either for a DOI or a URL; simply provide the
link. However, for sources that are unstable or change over time (e.g. websites that
update frequently, etc.), a retrieval date is used, placed before the URL:
Retrieved October 11, 2020, from https://xxxxxx
12. Always use the current format for citing a DOI, even if the source uses the old form:
Correct format example: https://doi.org/10.1037/a0040251
Below are examples for some of the most commonly cited types of sources. If your particular
source is not listed below, go to Millikin’s Writing Center for help, check the 7
th
edition of the
APA Publication Manual, or consult the APA style website at http://www.apastyle.org/
Fixed Media Sources
1. Journal article, one to two authors
Johnson, M. K. (2013). Investigating the relationship of nutrition- and exercise-
compromising health impairments with Autism Spectrum Disorders among children with
special health care needs. American Journal of Health Education, 44(4), 221-8.
2. Journal article, three to 20 authors
Grady, J. S., Her, M., Moreno, G., Perez, C., & Yelinek, J. (2019). Emotions in storybooks: A
comparison of storybooks that represent ethnic and racial groups in the United States.
Psychology of Popular Media Culture, 8(3), 207–217.
parenthetical: (Grady et al., 2019)
narrative: Grady et al. (2019) . . .
3. Journal Article 21 or more authors
For a work with up to 20 authors, include all of the names in the reference. When the work has 21
or more authors, include only the first 19 names, an ellipsis (but no ampersand), and the final
name (see this guideline in the fifth and sixth bullets in Section 9.8 of the Publication Manual and
Example 4 in Chapter 10):
Wiskunde, B., Arslan, M., Fischer, P., Nowak, L., Van den Berg, O., Coetzee, L., Juárez, U.,
Riyaziyyat, E., Wang, C., Zhang, I., Li, P., Yang, R., Kumar, B., Xu, A., Martinez, R.,
McIntosh, V., Ibáñez, L. M., Mäkinen, G., Virtanen, E., . . . Kovács, A. (2019). Indie pop